云南地区115例Graves病患者膳食营养状况调查

Investigation on Dietary Nutrition Status of 115 Patients with Graves Disease in Yunnan Province

目的了解云南地区毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿(GD)患者膳食营养状况,探讨GD患者膳食营养摄入水平.方法采用食物频率法用自行编制的食物频率表对GD患者进行膳食调查;计算GD患者各类食物的每人每日摄入量、各种营养素每人每日摄入量并与中国居民平衡膳食宝塔建议值及膳食营养素参考摄入量(RNIS)相比较;现场测量患者体重、身高和计算体质指数.结果 (1)膳食结构:云南地区GD患者食物摄入种类齐全,谷类薯类、肉禽类、油脂和坚果类的摄入高;蔬菜菌藻类、水果、蛋类、鱼虾类、奶类及奶制品摄入低;(2)能量和营养素摄入量:脂肪供能比超过推荐值,碳水化合物供能低于推荐值,膳食纤维、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、钙和钠摄入低,维生素E、磷和铁摄入高;(3)体格检查:GD患者消瘦率、超重率和肥胖率分别为25.2%、7.0%和1.7%,男性和女性的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论云南地区GD患者食物摄入种类齐全,但膳食结构不合理.

Objective To learn dietary and nutritional status of the toxic diffuse goiter(GD)patients inYunnan region,to investigate dietary nutrition intake levels of GD patients.Methods By using food frequencymethod and self-programmed food frequency table,GD patients'dietary nutrition was investigated.We calculatedGD patients'intake of all kinds of food and a variety of nutrients per capita per day,and compared them with thesuggested values in Chinese residents balanced diet pagoda and dietary nutrients reference intakes(RNIs);measured the patients'body weight,height and calculating body mass index in the field.Results(1)Dietarystructure:GD patients'food intake kinds were various in Yunnan region,the intakes of cereals,tuber crops,meat,poultry,oils and fats and nuts were high;the intakes of vegetables,homonemeae,fruits,eggs,fishand shrimp,milk and milk products were low.(2)Energy and nutrient intake:the energy contribution from fatsexceeded the recommended value,the energy contribution from carbohydrates was lower than the recommendedvalue,the intakes of dietary fiber,vitamin A,thiamine,riboflavin,calcium and sodium were low,theintakes of vitamin E,phosphorus and iron were high.(3)Physical examination:GD patients'marasmus rate,overweight rate and obesity rate were25.2%,7.0%and1.7%,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference between males and females(>0.05).Conclusion GD patients'food intake kinds are various inYunnan region,but the dietary structure is unreasonable.