老年高血压患者低盐饮食的综合性干预效果评价

Effect Evaluation of Comprehensive Intervention with Low-salt Diet in Elderly Patients with High Blood Pressure

目的探讨延伸护理提高老年高血压患者的低盐饮食依从性.方法选择昆明医科大学附属延安医院100例老年高血压患者,随机分组为对照组(50例)与观察组(50例).观察组采取综合性干预低盐饮食宣教方法,对照组则采取传统低盐饮食宣教方法,对两组患者分三个阶段(入院当日、入院后7 d、出院后1月)进行低盐饮食认知评分、低盐饮食行为评分、每日盐摄入量的对比分析.结果入院当日,观察组与对照组的低盐饮食认知、行为评分及每日盐摄入量对比均无统计学差异(P>0.05);入院后7 d,观察组与对照组的低盐饮食认知、行为评分及每日盐摄入量对比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院后1月,观察组与对照组的低盐饮食认知、行为评分及每日盐摄入量对比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论对老年高血压患者采取综合性干预低盐饮食宣教方法,实施循证护理模式下的个性化低盐饮食指导,有助于提高老年高血压患者出院后的低盐饮食依从性,可有效提高血压控制率,提升医院形象的同时不断提高患者及家属的满意度.

Objective To investigate the role of the extended-care in improving the compliance with low-salt diet in elderly patients with hypertension.Methods We selected100cases of elderly patients with hypertension in hospital.The100cases were divided into control group(50cases)and observation group(50cases)randomly.Observation group was given comprehensive intervention in low-salt diet education and control group was given traditional low-salt diet education.Tow groups were divided into three stages(on the day of admission,seven days after admission,one month after discharge).We analyzed low-salt cognitive scores,low-salt behavioral scores and salt-intake/d comparably.Results On the day of admission,tow groups had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in low-salt cognitive scores,low-salt behavioral scores and salt-intake/d;seven days after admission,tow groups had statistically significant difforence(P<0.05)in low-salt cognitive scores,low-salt behavioral scores and salt-intake/d;one month after discharge,tow groups had statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in low-salt cognitive scores,low-salt behavioral scores and salt-intake/d.Conclusion We use comprehensive intervention method to elderly patients with hypertension in low-salt diet education,through personalized low-salt diet education following evidence-based nursing,we can increase the compliance with low-salt diet in elderly patients with hypertension after discharge and improve blood pressure control effectively and to promote the image of the hospital and achieve the higher satisfaction frompatients and families.