基于职业核心胜任力的5年制本科全科医学专业课程体系建构

Building of the five-year undergraduate general medicine course system based on vocational core competency

目的建构基于职业核心胜任力的5年制本科全科医学专业课程体系。方法以质性研究为基础,分析并建构全科医师职业核心能力模型,在此基础上,以能力本位理论、综合课程理论为指导,使用DACUM课程开发模式对课程体系进行设计。结果经质性分析、因子分析,建构了含4个能力类别,12个能力标准项的全科医师职业核心能力模型,并据此设计了包括显性课程,隐性课程两大模块,公共课程、基础课程、方法课程、实践课程4个二级模块,必修、选修两个层次,共计57门专业组成的课程结构,同时规划了具体的教学内容和要求,设置了以发展学生自主学习能力为核心的教学实施方案以及多元化发展性评价机制,形成完整的基于职业核心胜任力的5年制本科全科医学专业课程体系。结论培养和确保全科医学专业学生具有完备的职业核心能力是我国医疗教育改革的重要目的 ,更是人民群众对基本医疗服务的迫切需求,因此,建构本科全科医学专业课程体系要遵循以职业核心胜任力为基础,以能力为本为指导思想,切实保证学生社会、专业、个人能力的全面提升。

Objective Building a five-year undergraduate general medicine course system based on vocational core competency.Methods Analyzing and building a general practitioner vocational core ability model based on qualitative research as well as using DACUM course development model to design the course system with the instruction of competency-based theory and comprehensive course theory.Results A general practitioner vocational core ability model including four ability categories and twelve ability standard items was built after qualitative analysis and factor analysis;besides,a course structure including two modules of dominant curriculum and hidden curriculum,four secondary modules of public courses,basic courses,methodology courses and practice courses as well as two levels of required courses and optional courses with57majors in total was designed.Meanwhile,detailed teaching contents and requirements were planned while a teaching implementation solution focusing on the development of students’independent learning ability and a diversified development evaluation mechanism was set,thus forming a complete five-year undergraduate general medicine course system based on vocational core competency.Conclusion Training and ensuring that general medicine students possess complete vocational core ability is an important purpose of China’s medical education reform and the urgent demand of the public for basic medical services as well.Hence,the building of undergraduate general medicine course system must be based on vocational core competency,regard abilityorientation as its instructive ideology and practically guarantee comprehensive improvement of students’social,professional and individual abilities.