边疆多民族地区不同高校大学生艾滋病健康教育需求现状调查

Investigation on HIV/AIDS Health Education Demand of Undergraduates from Different Type Universities in Multi-ethnic Frontier Regions

目的了解云南省不同高校大学生获取艾滋病知识的来源与途径以及乐于接受的教育方式和需求状况,为更加有效地开展好健康教育提供科学依据.方法随机分层整群抽取云南省不同地区(昆明市、大理市)、不同类型的四所高校(昆明医科大学、大理大学、云南艺术学院、云南大学)一至二年级的大学生共1 179名进行匿名问卷调查.结果云南省不同高校大学生艾滋病相关知识主要来源于学校(56.3%~80.3%),其次是朋友或同伴(15.0~28.7%),在4所不同高校间同一来源有差异(P<0.05).获取途径上,医科学生主要通过课堂(39.0%~45.%),而艺术类和综合类学生主要是通过网络或新闻媒体(34.7%~36.2%),4所高校间,在课堂、新闻谋体、他人议论这三个途径上有差异(P<0.05).大学生们最乐于接受的艾滋病健康教育方式是"观看相关视频"(38.7%~62.0%),(P>0.05).在4所高校间,接受教育方式上在观看相关视频、知识讲座、课堂讲授、宣传栏及传单四中方式上无差异(P>0.05).4所不同高校的大学生一致希望学校多开展艾滋病"知识专题讲座"(50.7%~54.5%).4所高校的大学生在"知识专题讲座"、"课堂教学"的需求方面有差异(P<0.05),在"安装自动售套机"、"宣传栏及传单"需求方面无差异(P>0.05).结论云南省不同高校大学生对艾滋病健康教育有着相同之处,但也呈现出各自不同的特点.高校应根据大学生的特点和具体情况,针对性地开展艾滋病健康教育,不断提高边疆多民族地区大学生对艾滋病知识的认知,利于他们形成正确的态度和行为,从而预防和控制艾滋病的传播.

Objective To understand about sources and ways of acquiring HIV/AIDS knowledge,willing to accept the ways of education and the demand situation among undergraduates from the different universities in Yunnan province,and provide scientific basis for making more effective health education strategy.Methods Using stratified random cluster sampling method,1179first and second year students from four different type universities(Kunming Medical University,Dali University,Yunnan Art Institute and Yunnan University)in different areas of Yunnan province(Kunming and Dali)were selected and surveyed by anonymous questionnaire.Results HIV/AIDS knowledge of undergraduates from the different universities in Yunnan province came mainly from different schools(56.3%～80.3%),followed by friends or partners(15.0～28.7%).There were differences in the the same soure from four universities(P<0.05).On channals to access that,the medical students accepted mainly through the classroom learning(39.0%～45.0%),but students among arts and comprehensive universities tot mainly by the network or the news media(34.7%～36.2%).There were differences in classroom teaching,news media and discussion from others(P<0.05).The most willing to accept the way of HIV/AIDS health education among undergraduates was"watch the related video"of that(38.7%～62.0%).There was on differen in being expected ways of doing things at watching video,knowledge lecture,classroom teaching and propaganda column column and leaflets(P>0.05)among four universities.Undergraduates from four different universities hoped consistenly to carry out more special topic lecture(50.7%～54.5%).There were differences on demand of special topic lecture and classroom teaching(P<0.05),which not different on demand of installing auto selling condom machine and propaganda column column and leaflets(P>0.05)from undergraduates from four different universitiess.Conclusions Although there are many differences among undergraduates from the different universities in Yunnan province,they have some sameness as well.According to different characteristics of their students and the actual situation in different universities,they should be targeted to carry out health education,and constantly improve undergraduates'cogntive level about HIV/AIDS knowledge in multi-ethnic frontier areas,which may help to forma correct attitude and behavior for them,then prevent and control the spread of HIV/AIDS.