从遮阳效果浅析余荫山房布局设计的气候适应性

The Preliminary Study on Climate Adaptability of Layout Design of Yuyinshanfang Based on the Sunshade Effect

岭南地区气候湿热,在庭园布局设计中需考虑对当地气候的适应。以岭南四大名园之一的余荫山房为例,从其遮阳效果切入,结合微气候参数实测与园内游人对庭园热环境实际感受的问卷调查,定量分析了余荫山房在布局上应对日晒的设计策略。认为"东西两庭,遮晒分区""厅堂南向,巧用廊接"和"主次分明,次为主遮"是余荫山房整体布局中应用的遮阳策略,并结合局部布局中热缓冲层的利用与植物造景中"槐荫当庭,利用季相"和"攀缘植物,绿色缓冲"的配置策略,共同营造了适应岭南湿热气候的庭园环境。

The climate in Lingnan area is hot-humid,so the layout designing needs to adapt to local climatic conditions.Based on the sunshade and thermal effect of Yuyinshanfang,this article is making the quantitative analysis about the layout design strategy against the solarization by the questionnaire from the visitors and the measurement of microclimate parameters.This article comes up with the conclusions of three main strategies for sunshade used in the integrated layout of Yuyinshanfang:1)The garden was divided into sunlit part and adumbral part which follows thefunction;2)Buildings face south and form groups,which is connected by corridors;3)With clear priorities to ensure the comfortable environment of the main building.In addition,the use of thermal buffer belt in local layout and the planting arrangement such as"using the seasonal landscape of singular plant trees"and"using the vertical greening and climbing plant"will jointly make the garden environment adapts to the local climate.