承德冷凉山区燕麦和荞麦种植结构及开发情况

Plantation Structure and Developing Situation of Oats and Buckwheat Along the Dam Areas in Chengde City

为了进一步开发和利用燕麦和荞麦资源,针对承德气候带的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ三个类型区进行燕麦和荞麦的种植结构研究和适宜品种划分。结果表明:根据承德山区农业生态特点,分别划分为坝上极早熟、接坝早熟、北部早熟三个类型燕麦、荞麦种植区;通过燕麦、荞麦品种引进、筛选试验,确定了适宜不同类型区种植的新品种;创造了燕麦单产5 383.5kg·hm^(-2),甜荞2 670kg·hm^(-2)的产量水平;苦荞产量最高记录4 870.5kg·hm^(-2)。有效填补了承德市品种结构缺失的空白,加快了品种更新的步伐。承德冷凉山区燕麦、荞麦产业发展具有历史、旅游和资源等优势,有着很好的发展前景。

In order to promote the further development and utilization of oats and buckwheat resources,planting structure and suitable varieties of oats and buckwheat were researched atⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲthree types of climatic zone in Chengde.The results showed that according to the agricultural ecological characteristics of Chengde mountain,it is divided into three planting areas for extremely early maturing crop belt on the dam,early maturing crop belt near the dam,north early maturing crop belt;the new varieties suitable for different types of planting areas were determined by varieties introduction and screening test of oats and buckwheat;yield of oat and buckwheat was5383.5and2670kg〖DK1〗·hm2,yield of tartary buckwheat was the highest for4870.5kg〖DK1〗·hm2,effective to fill the gaps in Chengde city lack of variety structure,accelerate the pace of updating varieties.The development of oat and buckwheat industry in cold mountain area of Chengde has the advantages of history,tourism,resources and so on,and has a good prospect.