“种子萌发的温周期现象”实验条件的优化

Optimization of the Experimental Conditions for the Experiment of Thermoperiodism in Germination Stage

为了探索"种子萌发的温周期现象"实验项目最优的实验材料和温度条件,选择水稻、辣椒、茄子和西芹等四种植物种子,参照各种子萌发的适宜温度,以高温与低温相差5℃作为培养温度,以高温/低温时间比12/12h、14/10h和16/8h为变温周期,以发芽指数(Gi)和发芽时间(t)来评价发芽结果。结果显示:水稻、辣椒、茄子和西芹的温周期现象表现最好的温度分别为30/25℃-16/8h、25/20℃-16/8h、25/20℃-12/12h和22/17℃-16/8h;变温与恒温发芽结果的差异显著性依次为西芹、茄子、水稻、辣椒。从结果的显著性和操作的可行性综合考虑,实验材料最优的是水稻,其温度条件最优的是30/25℃-16/8h。

To find out the optimum experimental material and temperature condition for the experiment of thermoperiodismin germination stage,four kinds of seeds having thermoperodism,which are rice,pepper,eggplant and celery.Based on the suitable germination temperature of these seeds,two kinds of cultivation temperature were set,which was difference of5℃between high temperature and low temperature.There were two constant temperature and three alternating temperature in each set.The time of high temperature/low temperature in alternating temperature were12/12,14/10and16/8(h),respectively.The results were evaluated by the germination index(Gi)and the germinating time(t).The results showed that the optimal temperature condition for thermoperiodism of each seeds as follows:rice seed was30/25℃with alternating temperature of16/8(h),pepper seed25/20℃with16/8(h),eggplant seed20/25℃with12/12(h),and celery seed22/17℃with16/8(h).From the significance of thermoperiodism between heterotherm and constant temperature,celery seed was the best,followed by eggplant,pepper and rice.Considering the obviousness of experimental result and the feasibility of operation,the better experimental material is rice seed,and the optimum temperature conditions is30/25℃with alternating temperature of16/8(h)for the experiment of thermoperiodism in germination stage.