英汉互译中词汇转喻的通达研究

Study on the Semantic Access to Lexical Metonymy in English and Chinese Translation

回顾转喻和转喻认知机制,简要分析常规化词汇转喻和基于偶然性形成的非常规化词汇转喻,提出非常规转喻情形下词汇实现语义通达机制之一是替换翻译。通过分析典型语料,探讨认知转喻理论视角下词汇替换翻译不同表现形式,包括上义词与下义词相互转指、局部与整体相互转指、局部之间相互转指等,认为译者和英语学习者在进行翻译或外语学习时,应在大脑中建构认知转喻模型,运用替换翻译方法,以减少词汇转喻理解障碍。

Review metonymy and the cognitive mechanism of metonymy,briefly analyze conventional lexical metonymy and unconventional lexical metonymy based on contingence,and proposes that one of the mechanisms which assists to realize semantic access is substitutional translation in the case of unconventional metonymy.And then by analyzing the typical data,discusses the different methods of lexical substitutional translation from the perspective of cognitive metonymy theory,such as the substitution between hypernym and hyponym,the substitution between holonym and meronym,and the substitution among meronyms.It holds that,when doing translation or learning a foreign Language,translators or learners should construct cognitive metonymic models in their minds,and make use of substitutional translation method to reduce the barrier to access the meaning of lexical metonymy.