体育传播研究范式转换:基于话语分析的策略

Paradigm Shift of the Sport Communication Study:Based on Strategies of Discourse Analysis

目前我国体育传播研究主要存在"体育+传播过程"和"体育+传播类型"2种范式,其基于本质主义认识论立场,以大众传播理论为元理论,并将传播视为传递,难以指导体育传播研究的现实需要。在体育传播研究中,应将不同的传播话语作为理论和分析工具阐释体育现象。提出从功能主义、文化研究取向上将传播是传递、互动与共享、控制、权力、游戏、撒播等6种话语用于审视竞技运动、身体教学、身体锻炼、运动休闲、民俗游戏和武术等6种体育现象的研究路径。

At present,the study on sport communication is mainly composed of two paradigms:“sport plus communication process”and“sport plus communication type”?Thetw o paradigms,built from the epistemological standpoint of essentialism,regarding the theory of mass communication as the meta-theory,and taking communication for transmission,can&t satisfy the practical need to guide the sport communication study.In the study of sport communication,different communication discourse should be used as theoretical and analytical tools to explain the phenomena of sport.From the perspectives of functionalism and cultural studies,the article proposes a research approach,regarding communication as six kinds of discourses including transmission,interaction and sharing,control,rights,and games.It can be used to examine six kinds of sport phenomena including competitive ports,physical education,physical exercise,sport and leisure,folk games and wushu.