microRNA与肺癌关系的研究进展

A review on the relationship between microRNA and lung cancer

微小核糖核酸(microRNA,miRNA)是一类由大小为19~24个核苷酸(Nucleotide,NT)构成的非编码小分子RNA,广泛存在于真核生物中。研究发现,miRNA通过调控相应靶基因的表达等多种途径参与肿瘤的发生发展过程。研究发现miRNA在肿瘤的能量代谢方面也有重要的作用,如参与葡萄糖、脂肪及氨基酸等的代谢。随着研究进展,越来越多的miRNA被人类发现,其功能也在不断的被发现,不同的miRNA在同一肿瘤细胞内发挥不同的作用,如作为抑癌基因或者癌基因;同一miRNA在不同细胞也会有相反的作用。这些作用的发现为人类治疗疾病,尤其是肿瘤,如肺癌的治疗提供了更多的途径。目前中医药及中药提取物的研究发展迅速,它们在治疗肿瘤中也同样发挥重要的作用。本文就不同miRNA在肺癌中所发挥作用的研究进展作一综述。

microRNA is a class of non-coding small RNAs consisting of19-24nucleotides,which is widely found in eukaryotes.It has been found that miRNAs are involved in the development and progression of tumor by regulating the expression of the target gene.The study found that miRNAs also play an important role in tumor energy metabolism,such as metabolism of glucose,fat and amino acids.As the research progresses,more and more miRNAs are found by humans,and their functions are constantly being found.Different miRNAs played a different role in the same tumor cell,such as as a tumor suppressor gene or oncogene;the same miRNA is Different cells will have the opposite effect.The discovery of these effects provides avenues for the treatment of human diseases,especially tumors,such as lung cancer.At present,Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine extracts have developed rapidly,and they also play an important role in the treatment of tumors.In this paper,the progress of different miRNAs in lung cancer is reviewed.