论端木蕻良小说中萨满教文化的矛盾心理

On the Ambivalent Attitude toward Shamanism Culture in Duanmu Hongliang's Novels

端木蕻良的小说中流露出对萨满教文化既肯定又批判的矛盾态度。萨满教作为一种原始宗教,在人类历史发展进程中,由最初具有现实功能的宗教信仰渐渐演变为了富于表演性的民间节日的娱乐活动,其审美价值也随之发生了改变;端木蕻良身为满族作家,对满族信仰的萨满教文化具有天然的民族认同感,他的文学创作也受到了萨满教文化的熏陶和浸染;受五四新文化运动的影响,基于改造国民性的诉求,端木蕻良又对萨满教文化带来的愚昧落后的现象给予了有力批判。萨满教文化书写为端木蕻良的小说增添了鲜明的民族性和地域性色彩,也为我们了解东北地区的民俗文化提供了有力借鉴。

Duanmu Hongliang’s novels reveal both positive and critical attitude toward Shamanism culture.In the developing course of human history,as a primitive religion,Shamanism,which initially had practical functions,had gradually evolved into performing recreational activities for holiday entertainment.Its aesthetic value had also changed.As a Manchu writer,Duanmu Hongliang has a natural sense of national identity of Shamanism culture,and his literary creation has also been influenced and disseminated by Shamanism culture.Because of the influence of“May Fourth”new culture movement and based on the reform of national character appealing,Duanmu Hongliang gives a profound criticism to the ignorant and backward phenomenon that Shamanism has brought.Shamanism culture writing adds distinctive national and regional color in Hongliang’s novels;it also provides a powerful reference for us to understand the folk culture in northeast china.