贵州石笔木种子萌发特性及幼苗生长规律的研究

Studies on Seed Germination Characteristics and Seedling Growth of Tutcheria kweichowensis Chang et Y. K. Li

为探索贵州石笔木(Tutcheria kweichowensis Chang et Y.K.Li)的种子特性及种苗繁育规律,对种子的生物学特征和贮藏方式对种子萌发的影响及幼苗年生长规律进行了研究。结果表明,贵州石笔木种子的千粒重、生活力、含水量分别为0.92 kg、66.17%、11.75%,吸水率最高可达15.62%。长期贮藏适宜采用低温湿沙层积方式,短期催芽适宜在25℃、相对湿度80%的湿沙层积贮藏40 d左右,种子萌发率可达80%以上。幼苗出土后1年的生长节律表现为"慢-快-慢",5-9月为生长盛期,这一时期的苗高、地径的生长量分别占全年的65.48%、42.02%。根据幼苗的生长特性,采取阶段性育苗措施,适时加强田间管理和水、肥定向供给,对提高苗木质量和生产效益具有重要意义。

In order to understand the seed characteristics and the rhythm of seedling breeding of Tutcheria kweichowensis,the biological characteristics,including seed thousand grain weight,viability,water content and water absorption,the germination rate of seeds under different storage methods,the annual growth rhythm of seedlings were studied.The results showed that the thousand grain weight,viability and water content of seeds were0.920kg,66.17%and11.75%,respectively,and the maximum water absorption was up to15.62%.Low temperature wet sand storage could be used for long-term storage,while short-term accelerating germination was suitable for wet sand storage at25℃,relative humidity80%for40days,seed germination rate could reach more than80%.The annual growth rhythm of the seedlings was―slow-fast-slow‖.The active growth period was from May to September,the seedling growth in height and ground diameter accounted for65.48%and42.02%of the year,respectively.Therefore,according to the growth characteristics,it would have great significance to improve the seedling quality and production efficiency by adopting different seedling measures in different growth stages,strengthening field management and the supply of water and fertilizer.