既判力主观范围扩张与案外第三人权益保障

Expansion of the Subjective Scope of Resjudicata and the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Third Party

民事诉讼是一条能够有效解决民事权益纠纷的途径,其有效性主要体现在法院裁判的法律效力上,尤其集中体现在生效确定裁判之既判力上。既判力通常情况下仅在当事人间发生作用,此乃既判力主观范围的常态,亦可谓为既判力相对性原则。既判力的相对性原则明确了既判力涉及的主体为当事人双方,然而在某些条件下,法院的裁判效力往往会扩及案外第三人,对其相关利益造成一定程度的影响。鉴于此,有必要在既判力主观范围扩张的视角下检视案外第三人权益的保障问题,以便构建一个完善的制度体系,全面保障案外第三人的合法权益。

Civil procedure is an effective way to solve the disputes over civil rights and interests,and its effectiveness is mainly reflected in the legal validity of the court judgment,particularly embodied in the resjudicata of the effective and final judgment.Resjudicata usually functions between the litigants,which is the normal state of the subjective scope of resjudicata and can be regarded as resjudicata's principle of relativity.The principle clearly defines the litigant parties involved,however,under certain circumstance,the legal effect of court judgment often extends to a third party and affects its related interests.In view of this,it is necessary to examine the issue of protection of the third party from the perspective of expanding the objective scope of resjudicata,so as to build a better system to comprehensively safeguard the legal rights and interests of the third party.