减氮增密措施对烤烟上部叶提质增香的效果探究

Effects of Reducing Nitrogen Amount and Increasing Piant Density on Improving Quality and Aroma of Upper Leaves of Tobacco

以秦烟96为材料,采用大田对比试验,研究了减氮增密措施对烤烟上部叶物理特性、化学成分、致香物质及感官质量的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,减氮增密处理的上部叶填充值增加,单叶重及含梗率降低,物理特性得到明显改善;还原糖及总糖含量增加,烟碱、总氮及蛋白质含量降低,化学成分的协调性较好;香气物质含量显著增加,其中,苯丙氨酸类代谢产物、棕色化反应产物、类西柏烷类降解产物和新植二烯含量较对照分别增加29.73%、20.87%、9.19%、7.55%;感官质量突出表现为香气质好、香气量足、刺激性小、回甜较好。减氮增密措施对于烤烟上部叶提质增香效果明显,适宜在豫西烟区示范推广。

In this study,a field contrast experiment was conducted,taking Qinyan96cultivar as material,to investigate the effects of reducing nitrogen amount and increasing piant density on physical properties,chemical component,aroma substance and sensory quality of upper leaves of tobacco.The results showed that less nitrogen fertilization and increasing plant density could effectively increase the filling capacity,reduce the stem ratio and the blade weight of unit area,physical properties are obviously improved;Compared with the control,the reducing sugar and total sugar were increased,while the nicotine,nitrogen and protein were decreased,which shows good coordination of chemical component.The aroma content increased significantly,and the amount of phenylalanine degradation products,Maillard reaction products,cembranoid degration products and neophytadiene were increased by29.73%,20.87%,9.19%,7.55%.The aroma quality of upper leaves was improved with much sweeter feeling and less irritation.Upon comprehensive analysis,reducing nitrogen amount and increasing piant density could improve the quality of upper leaves obviously,which was suitable for further demonstration in the west of Henan Province.