马铃薯施用缓控释肥、生物有机肥肥效试验

Fertilizer Efficiency for Potato Using Slow-release Fertilizer and Bio-organic Fertilizer

为研究缓控释肥、生物有机肥对马铃薯的增产增收效果,以当地主推品种‘合作88’为试验材料,以当地农民习惯施肥为对照,研究了施用推荐施肥、缓控释肥和生物有机肥对马铃薯产量、产量构成因素和经济效益的影响。结果表明,马铃薯施用缓控释肥、生物有机肥对改善马铃薯产量构成因素不明显,但是可以明显提高产量和经济效益。产量增幅在7.88%~14.92%,其中处理4(施用推荐施肥减20%+生物有机肥80 kg/667m^2)的产量最高,较处理1(习惯施肥)增产428 kg/667m^2,达到3 297 kg/667m^2,增产14.92%;马铃薯经济效益增加幅度在1.73%~13.81%,其中处理4(推荐施肥减20%+生物有机肥)较处理1(习惯施肥)增加收益605元/667m^2;使用生物有机肥的经济效益要高于使用缓控释肥和常规肥料;建议在种植马铃薯时,可以适当减少化肥的使用量,增加生物有机肥的使用量,起到减肥增收的作用。

A local potato variety'Hezuo88'was used to study the influence of slow-release fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer on tuber yield,yield components and economic benefits in order to understand their effects in potato production.There was no significant difference on the yield components among slow-release fertilizer,bio-organic fertilizer and the traditional fertilizer used by local farmers(CK),but the tuber yield and economic benefits were significantly improved by using slow-release fertilizer and/or bio-organic fertilizer.The yield was increased in a range of7.88%to14.92%,while the economic benefit in a range of1.73%-13.81%.The Treatment4(20%decrease in recommended fertilization application combined with80kg/667m2bio-organic fertilizer)produced the highest yield of3297kg/667m2,which was428kg/667m2(14.92%)higher than that of the control,and the economic benefit of Treatment4was605Yuan/667m2higher than the control.The economic benefit of bio-organic fertilizer was higher than that of slow-release and traditional fertilizers.It is suggested that the amount of chemical fertilizer could be reduced appropriately,and the bio-organic fertilizer should be increased,which would play a role in reducing fertilizer and increasing income.