云南省马铃薯冬季种植生态避病增产效果研究

Effects of Winter Potato Cultivation on Disease Escape and Yield Increase in Yunnan Province

云南省发展冬季马铃薯具有得天独厚的地理、气候和市场优势,近些年种植面积不断扩大。自2012年起对云南省13个马铃薯种植区38个地点进行晚疫病病害发生情况及产量调查。经过统计分析,结果表明冬季种植马铃薯晚疫病发病率低于25%,较春季种植平均避病效果达到92%以上,部分区域避病效果可达到100%,不同冬作区避病效果存在差异。冬季种植平均产量可达2 400 kg/667m^2,显著高于春季种植1 500 kg/667m^2,增产可达60%以上。云南省利用冬季种植马铃薯可有效避开晚疫病的发生,使马铃薯增产效果明显,为云南省开展冬季生态种植生产无公害马铃薯奠定理论基础。

In recent years,winter potato areas of Yunnan Province are increasing gradually due to its geography,climate and market advantages.To compare the effects of potato cultivation in different seasons in Yunnan Province,the research group had carried out a survey of incidence of late blight disease and yield for38places of13potato planting areas since2012.Incidence of potato late blight in winter planting was below25%,and average avoiding disease effect was over92%compared to spring planting.Meanwhile,different avoiding disease effects were showed in winter potato planting areas,with effect being100%in some places.The average yield of potato was up to2400kg/667m2in winter planting,significantly higher than that in spring planting(1500kg/667m2),and yield increase was60%more than spring planting.Therefore,winter planting potato could effectively avoid the incidence of late blight and increase yield.This research establishes a theoretical foundation for planting pollution-free potato in Yunnan Province.