优秀全盲奥运游泳运动员的表象训练研究

Imagery Training of Blind Elite Paralympic Swimmer

目的开发设计出符合游泳运动项目本质属性,兼顾全盲残疾人心理特征及个体需求的表象训练方案并在实践中加以验证。方法根据《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF),对盲人游泳运动员的定向功能和身体位置定向功能以及表象训练做理论分析。采用表象训练作为自变量,对优秀全盲残疾人奥运游泳运动员李××进行系统的表象训练干预,观察表象训练在提高运动成绩方面的具体作用。结果与结论表象训练是盲人游泳运动员建立方向和身体位置定向功能的有效方法,能够帮助盲人游泳运动员最大限度地保持直线游进状态,减少对触碰分道线的依赖,确保战术计划的实施和运动技能水平的稳定甚至超常发挥。

Objective To develop and design the imagery training program,according with the nature of swimming and taking into account with the mental characteristics and individual needs of the disabled.Methods According to the International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF),the orientation function of the blind swimming athletes and the orientation function of the body position and the image training were analyzed theoretically.Imagery training was used as the independent variable,and the specific role of imagery training in improving athletic performance is observed in the imagery training intervention of the outstanding blind Olympic swimmer Li.Results and Conclusion Imagery training was an effective method for the blind swimmer to establish the orientation direction and body position function,and it can help the blind swimmer keep a straight line,reduce dependence on touch lane,and improve the performance.