住院老年患者误吸发生率及危险因素的调查

Investigation on the Incidence and Risk Factors of Aspiration in the Elderly Patients

目的调查老年急诊住院患者的误吸发生率,并分析其危险因素,以提出有效的预防及护理措施。方法选取2015年1月—2015年12月复旦大学附属华东医院急诊综合老年病房住院时间≥1周的老年患者117例,采用调查问卷的方式对患者进行误吸临床表现及危险因素进行调查,并对所得数据进行统计分析。结果 117例老年患者中发生误吸56例,误吸发生率为47.9%;通过单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析,发现长期卧床史和服用胃肠动力药是发生误吸的危险因素。结论老年住院患者中发生误吸者占比较大,提示护理人员在临床工作中应做好误吸危险因素的评估,并对此要加强预防及护理。

Objective To investigate the incidence of aspiration in elderly emergency inpatients,and to analyze the risk factors,so as to put forward effective prevention and nursing measures.Methods117elderly patients hospitalized over1week in emergency comprehensive geriatric ward during the period from January2015to December2015were selected and enrolled;and the aspiration of risk factors and clinical features of the patients were investigated by questionnaire,and statistical analysis was made to the data.Results Out of the117elderly patients,aspiration occurred in56patients with the incidence rate of47.9%;Single factor analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that long-time lying in bed and taking gastrointestinal motility drugs were the risk factors of aspiration.Conclusions The incidence of aspiration is higher in hospitalized elderly;risk factors need to be well evaluated in clinical nursing,prevention and care should be strengthened.