3个南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林群落主要性状特征比较

A comparative study on the community main morphological characteristics of three lower subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forests

以南亚热带地区保存相对完好的鼎湖山、大岭山、白云山的季风常绿阔叶林为研究对象,分析比较了各群落的生活型谱、Raukiaer叶特征、群落果实类型和植物观赏特性等主要性状特征。结果表明,这3个群落以高位芽植物占绝对优势,单叶、革质、全缘、中叶比例较高;3个群落由于演替时间的不同,生活型谱有所差异,鼎湖山云南银柴—香楠群落内中高位芽植物数量最多,大岭山华润楠—慧竹群落以中高位芽和小高位芽植物为优势,而白云山荷木—九节群落中小高位芽植物为优势;不同叶特征植物比例也有所不同,鼎湖山云南银柴—香楠群落中具中型叶、纸质叶等中生植物特征比例高于其他两个群落;3个群落中肉质果植物占优势,果实以被动扩散为主;3个群落中在花、果、叶和其它部位(根、茎及树型姿态)具有一定的观赏价值植物分别有69、56、41和34种。在这些结果的基础上可以对南亚热带地带性城市森林群落建设提出适当建议。

In the paper,we analyzed the community main morphological characteristics such as community life-form spectrum,Raukiaer leaf characteristics,fruit types and the plants ornamental characteristics of the lower subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forests in Dinghu mountain,Daling mountain and Baiyun mountain,south China.The results indicated that the plants dominated by phanerophytes as well as by leathery and entire mesophylls with higher percentage of simple leaves in these three communities.Due to the different succession time,there were differences in the life-form spectrum;the percentage of Mesophanerophytes was the highest in the Aporusa yunnanensis-Aidia canthioides community of Dinghu mountain.The Mesophanerophytes and Microphanerophytes were the dominant life-form in the Machilus chinensis-Pseudosasa viridula community of Daling mountain,and the percentage of Microphanerophytes was the highest in the Schima superba-Psychotria rubra community in Baiyun mountain.The ratios of the plants with different leaf characteristics in the three communities were different;the ratio of mesophytes characteristics such as mesophylls,papery leaves at Dinghushan community was higher than the other two communities.Fleshy fruit plants dominated in the three communities,and passive dispersal was the main way.This study can be used for regional urban forest construction.