口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征三种疫苗同步两点免疫在规模猪场的应用试验

FIELD EFFICACY OF FMD,CSF AND HP-PRRS VACCINES SIMULTANEOUSLY ADMINISTERED ON INTENSIVE PIG FARMS AT TWO DIFFERENT SITES

为探索和评估口蹄疫(foot-and-mouth disease,FMD)、猪瘟(classical swine fever,CSF)、高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,HP-PRRS)的合理免疫程序,选择6个规模猪场,其中3个猪场采用"332法"免疫程序(即先用FMD和CSF疫苗同时在颈部两侧注射,间隔14 d后再用HP-PRRS疫苗注射),另3个猪场采用"321法"免疫程序(即将CSF和HP-PRRS疫苗混合后作1针在颈部一侧注射,FMD疫苗作1针在颈部另一侧注射),每季度采集血清和病死猪组织样品。应用ELISA方法检测血清中的FMD、CSF和HP-PRRS抗体,应用RT-PCR方法检测组织样品中的FMD、CSF和HP-PRRS病原体;统计分析抗体阳性率、发病率、死亡率、死亡猪病原阳性率等评价指标。结果显示,应用"321法"的3个猪场与应用"332法"的3个猪场相比,其生猪死亡率(下降1.3%)、HP-PRRS病原体阳性率(下降6.6%)显著下降(P<0.05),而其他考核指标则差异不具备显著统计学意义(P>0.05)。本研究表明,规模猪场应用"321法"免疫程序的免疫效果优于"332法"免疫程序的免疫效果,值得在临床推广应用。

To explore the optimal vaccination procedure of foot-and-mouth disease(FMD),classical swine fever(CSF)and highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(HP-PRRS)vaccines on intensive pig farms,field vaccination experiment was carried out on6pig farms.Two vaccination procedures were implemented.The"332"procedure used on three farms included FMD and CSF vaccines were injected at the same time and HP-PRRS vaccine was injected14days later.The"321"procedure used on other three farms was that HP-PRRS and CSF vaccines were mixed together and injected in one side of the necks and FMD vaccine was injected in other side of the necks.Serum samples from vaccinated pigs and tissues from dead pigs were collected quarterly for examination of antibody responses and lesions.Antibodies to FMD,CSF and HP-PRRS vaccines were detected by ELISA and viraemia of FMDV,CSFV and HP-PRRSV were detected in RT-PCR.The data of3farms implemented"321"procedure were compared with those of3farms implemented"332"procedure.On the3farms implemented"321"procedure,the mortality rate of pigs decreased1.3%and the positive rate of HP-PRRSV decreased6.6%,which were of significance(P<0.05)as compared with3farms implemented"332"procedure.The results indicated that the field efficacy of"321"procedure was better than that of"332"procedure,worthy to be applied in clinical practice on intensive pig farms.