从“政治司法化”到“司法政治化”——论泰国宪法法院的功能退化及原因

From "Judicialization of Politics" to "Politicalization of Judicature" :The Degradation of Function of Thailand's Constitutional Court and an Explanation for It

民主转型的最终目标是让民主成为"小镇里唯一的游戏"。在"政治司法化"的过程中,法院成为解决政治争议的主要场所。但是,对司法审查机关的错误定位可能导致其沦为政治斗争的工具,"司法政治化"色彩会愈加浓厚。泰国民主转型从"政治司法化"到"司法政治化"的退化,说明司法权并非存在于政治真空中。司法权与民主政治的发展水平呈现出正相关性。健康稳定的政治环境可以为司法权的发展创造必要的空间,法院对规则和秩序的守护又可以避免竞争的无序状态。发展司法权应当重视其所具有的政治属性,科学的谋划和积极稳妥的推进均是不可缺少的工作。

Making democracy“the only game in town”is the goal of political transition in new democracies.During the process of“judicialization of politics”,courts turn out to be the places to dissolve various political controversies.However,a wrong positioning may lead the courts to be battlefields of political conflicts,and it will also contribute to a tendency of“politicalization of judicature”.The function degradation of Thailand’s constitutional court shows that judicial power never runs in political vacuum.There is a positive correlation between the health of judicial power and the level of democracy.A healthy and stable political environment may provide necessary space for judicial development,while the courts can help avoid a disorder political status.To build the judicial power in a new democracy,it is important to pay special attention to the political face of it.Both scientific planning and reliable promotion are important parts of this engineering.