碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Polypropylene Composites Reinforced by Short Carbon Fiber

采用硝酸液相氧化法改性短切碳纤维(NCF),用以制备聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。以纤维含量和纤维种类为变量,通过万能力学试验机、熔体流动速率试验机、差示扫描量热、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等研究它们对材料力学性能、流动性能、熔融温度以及结晶性能的影响。实验结果表明,纤维的含量影响纤维在基体中的分布,进而显著影响材料的性能,且含量在10%至20%区内时具有较好的增强效果;NCF与PP的界面具有更强的粘附力,这提升了复合材料的力学强度,降低了材料的断裂伸长率,降低了材料的熔融流动速率,提升了材料的结晶温度与结晶度,略微降低了材料的熔融温度;纤维含量与纤维种类均对材料的结晶晶型无明显影响。

The short carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite was prepared by polypropylene(PP)and the Nitric acid oxide carbon fiber(NCF),which was modified by wet chemical method before using.The mechanical properties,melt fluidity,thermal performance and crystalline performance of composites were investigated by using fiber content and fiber type as variables,through the universal mechanical testing machine,the melt flow rate test,differential scanning calorimetry,X ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)etc.The results indicate that the composites achieve the best synthesis mechanical strength when reinforced by NCF when the content of carbon fiber in composites is ranged from10%to20%.The PP/NCF composite show better interfacial adhesion which increase crystalline temperatures,crystallinity but decrease the melt temperatures and melt fluidity.The content and sort of carbon fibers have no obviously affect on the crystal form of the composites.