纳米α–Fe2O3协同膨胀阻燃EP材料的阻燃和抑烟性能

Flame Retardant and Smoke Suppression of α–Fe_2O_3 Nanoparticles in Epoxy Intumescent Fire Retardant

使用原位聚合的方法制备含α–Fe_2O_3的磷酸季戊四醇三聚氰胺盐(PPMS–Fe_2O_3),并对其结构和性能进行表征。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱、热重分析(TG)、锥形量热仪测试和烟密度实验研究PPMS–Fe_2O_3对EP树脂阻燃和抑烟性能的影响。结果表明:PPMS–Fe_2O_3的阻燃和抑烟效果随纳米α–Fe_2O_3增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,其中PPMS–5%Fe2O3试样的阻燃及抑烟性能最佳。此外,相同添加量下的PPMS–Fe_2O_3纳米复合材料相比于PPMS与纳米α–Fe_2O_3的物理共混物具有更好的阻燃和抑烟效率。TG分析表明,添加适量的纳米α–Fe_2O_3能显著提高PPMS在EP树脂中的热稳定性和成炭性能,其中PPMS–5%Fe_2O_3阻燃EP树脂的热稳定性和成炭能力最佳。炭层分析表明,α–Fe_2O_3在燃烧过程中能促进形成更多的P—N—C和P—O—C网状交联结构,以增强炭层致密性,进而达到较好的协效阻燃和抑烟作用。

A novel Pentaerythritol phosphate melamine salt(PPMS-Fe2O3)flame retardant was successfully synthesized by reaction ofα-Fe2O3nanoparticles and pentaerythritol melamine salt(PPMS).The chemical structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and1H nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR).The effects of PPMS-Fe2O3on the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of epoxy resin were analyzed by FTIR,thermo-gravimetric analysis(TG),cone calorimeter test and smoke density test.The results show that the incorporation of Fe2O3improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of epoxy-based intumescent coatings,and the PPMS-5%Fe2O3acquires the best flame retardant and smoke suppression properties.With addition of same content of flame retardant,the PPMS-Fe2O3shows better flame retardant and smoke suppression effects in epoxy resin than that of the mixture of PPMS andα-Fe2O3.The TG results show that the addition ofα-Fe2O3nanoparticle can improve the thermal stability and char-forming ability of epoxy-based intumescent fire-retardant coatings,and the PPMS-5%Fe2O3exhibits the best thermal stability and char-forming ability in epoxy resin.Char residue analysis shows that the incorporation ofα-Fe2O3can promote the formation of more P-N-C and P-O-C network cross-linking structures in the combustion process,then improve the compactness and intumescence of char layer,thus effectively enhancing the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of epoxy resin during combustion process.