吐鲁番地区哈密瓜品种对细菌性果斑病抗性研究

A Preliminary Study on Resistance of Hami Melon Varieties to Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli in Turpan Area

【目的】研究吐鲁番地区哈密瓜品种对细菌性果斑病的抗病性,为哈密瓜细菌性果斑病防治和抗病育种提供理论依据。【方法】以吐鲁番地区10份哈密瓜品种为材料,采用苗期人工接种进行病情指数调查;观察不同抗性品种苗期叶面绒毛数和气孔数及测定叶片自身防御酶PPO、POD。【结果】供试10个品种中无免疫品种,西州密25号和皇妃表现为中抗,新密36号表现为高感,其余7个品种表现为中感;高感品种新密36号和中感品种9818(绿皮)叶毛数无明显差距,西州密25号的叶毛数是新密36号的叶毛数1.68倍,气孔数是中感品种9818(绿皮)的1.42倍,是新密36号1.91倍;不同抗性品种PPO酶活性呈现感病品种﹥中感品种﹥抗病品种,POD酶活性呈现感病品种﹥中感品种﹥抗病品种。【结论】供试品种对哈密瓜细菌性果斑病抗病性有明显差异,未发现免疫和高抗品种,西州密25号和皇妃表现为中抗,新密36号为高感品种,其余品种表现为中感;品种抗病性与下表皮叶面叶毛数量和气孔数量有关,呈正相关趋势,自身防御酶PPO酶呈下降趋势,与品种抗病性呈负相关,POD酶呈上升趋势,与品种抗病性呈负相关。

Objective】This project aims to provide the theoretical basis for the prevention and breeding of bacterial fruit blotch of Hami melon through the study on the resistance to Acidovorax avenae subsp.Citrulli in Turpan,【Method】10Hami melon varieties planted in Turpan area were used as materials,and the disease index of resistance to Acidovorax avenae subsp.citrulli was investigated by artificial inoculation at the seedling stage.At the same time,the stomatal and leaf hair number of seedlings leaf surface between different resistant cultivars were compared and the defense enzymes PPO and POD in seedling leaves were measured.【Result】Among the10cultivars,there were no immune varieties,Xizhoumi No.25and Imperial Concubine showed the middle resistance,Xinmi No.36showed a high susceptibility,and the other seven varieties showed a middle susceptibility;There were no significant differences in leaf hair number between susceptible varieties Xinmi No.36and middle susceptible varieties9818(green leaf trichomes).Leaf hair number of the middle resistance Xizhoumi No.25was1.68times that of Xinmi No.36.The number of stomata of Xizhoumi No.25was1.42times that of9818(green leaf trichomes)and1.91times that of Xinmi No.36.The PPO enzyme activities of different resistant varieties showed susceptible varieties>middle susceptible varieties>resistant varieties,POD enzyme activity showed susceptible varieties>middle susceptible varieties>resistant varieties.【Conclusion】Different Hami melon varieties have significant difference resistance to Acidovorax avenae subsp.Citrulli,and no immune and high resistant varieties among them have been found.Xizhoumi No.25and Imperial Concubine show middle resistance,Xinmi No.36is a high susceptible variety,other varieties are middle and high susceptible varieties.There was a positive correlation between disease resistance and the number of leaf hair and stomata,showing positive correlation trend.The PPO enzyme showed a downward trend,which was negatively related to disease resistance,and POD enzyme showed an upward trend,which was negatively related to disease resistance of varieties.