石黑一雄《远山淡影》中的身份焦虑

Identity inxiety in Kazuo Ishiguro's A Pale View of Hills

身份问题是移民小说难以逃避的母题,而作为身份问题负面表征的身份焦虑,更是广泛存在于移民小说之中。不像其他移民作家,2017年度诺贝尔文学奖得主日裔英籍作家石黑一雄在其创作中,虽然也持续关注小说人物的身份问题,但很少直接处理移民经历。以移民为主人公的《远山淡影》则是特例。文章以《远山淡影》为研究文本,重点讨论移民身上表现出的身份焦虑,着重探究产生此种焦虑的原因,以及此种焦虑对人物本身所产生的影响。小说人物的身份焦虑要么造成他们的身份危机,要么为他们后来的身份建构打下伏笔,从侧面体现了作为移民作家的石黑一雄本人对身份问题的关注与思考。

Identity is an inevitable motif in migrant novels,while identity anxiety,as a negative embodiment of identity,can be found in many migrant novels.Unlike other migrant writers,although the Japanese-British writer Kazuo Ishiguro pays a continual attention to identity issues of the characters in his writings,he rarely deals with migrant experience directly.A Pale View of Hills,with migrants as its protagonist,is an exception.The present essay,focusing on A Pale View of Hills,mainly discusses identity anxiety of the migrant subjects in the novel,involving the manifestations,causes and influence on the characters of this identity anxiety.Identity anxiety either leads to the characters’identity crisis,or foreshadows their later construction of identity,mirroring sideways Kazuo Ishiguro’s concerns about and reflections on identity as a migrant writer himself.