自噬应用于肿瘤治疗的研究进展

Autophagy in clinical therapy of tumor:research progress

自噬是一种自我分解过程,用于降解长寿命蛋白质或衰老坏死的细胞器。这一途径极度依赖溶酶体,广泛存在于真核细胞中且高度保守。细胞发生适宜程度的自噬可以保护细胞本身,帮助其抵抗外界的不良环境,然而当细胞自噬过度时,则会引起自噬性细胞死亡。近年来,随着对细胞自噬研究的不断深入,人们发现细胞自噬与大多数肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。临床上有越来越多的与自噬作用相关的药物用于肿瘤的临床治疗,但是其对于不同肿瘤的治疗效果不一,并且其对正常细胞的影响需要通过更多的临床试验和实验研究来明确。本文就细胞自噬在肿瘤发生、发展中的"双刃剑"作用以及通过药物调节自噬来治疗肿瘤的相关进展作一综述。

Autophagy is a self decomposing process that is used to degrade long lived proteins or necrotic organelles.It is extremely dependent on lysosomes,widely present in eukaryotic cells and highly conserved.Autophagy can protect the cells themselves and help them resist the adverse environment at a proper level,but excessive autophagy can result in autophagic cell death.In recent years,with the comprehensive research of autophagy,it has been found that autophagy is closely related to the development and progression of most tumors.More drugs associated with autophagy are used for the clinical treatment of tumors,but they have different therapeutic effects on different tumors,so the impact of autophagy related drugs on normal cells need to be identified through more clinical trials and experimental studies.This paper reviews the roles of autophagy in the occurrence and development of tumors,and recent progress in the treatment of cancer by regulating autophagy through drugs.