含接触碰撞的飞机地面牵引载荷分析

Research on aircraft towing load with contact-impact effects

由于受到操作失误或作业环境的影响,飞机地面牵引过程可能会产生较大载荷,甚至危及飞机结构安全。本文采用修正的非线性等效弹簧阻尼模型来描述飞机牵引系统连接间隙,以波音某机型为参考,建立了含接触碰撞的飞机地面牵引系统的刚柔耦合动力学模型。对经过加油管地沟的飞机牵引事故作为典型案例进行分析,结果表明:牵引车与牵引杆的连接间隙对飞机的下阻力臂载荷影响较大,当连接间隙过大或下阻力臂存在疲劳裂纹时,受到较大的冲击载荷,飞机牵引杆及前起落架可能发生损伤。

Due to misoperation or the influence of working environment,it could generate overload during aircraft towing,which would even endanger the safety of aircraft structure.A modified nonlinear equivalent spring damp model was used to describe joint gaps of the aircraft towing system in this paper.A rigid flexible coupling aircraft towing model with contact impact effects was established based on Boeing aircraft.Furthermore,a towing accident which the aircraft was towed passing the trench of oil filler pipes was taken as the simulation model.The results indicated that the joint gap between towbar and tractor was extremely influential to the towing system load,while the clearance was oversize or the down drag had fatigue crack,the towbar and the nose gear may be damaged under impact load.