Nlrp3炎症小体与心血管疾病的研究进展

Research progress of association between Nlrp3 inflammasome activation and cardiovascular disease

炎症小体(inflammasome)是一种蛋白复合物,能对多种相关炎症因子起到活化作用,其中最重要的应属含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶-1(caspase-1)对炎症因子(IL-1β、IL-18)的激活.在各种炎症小体中,Nlrp3炎症小体最具代表性,研究认为Nlrp3炎症小体的活化与人类自身免疫系统相关疾病及慢性系统性疾病密切相关.同时研究发现,Nlrp3炎症小体通过经典或非典型炎症通路激活一系列的信号通路,从而诱导细胞膜通透性破坏、细胞的代谢紊乱以及细胞凋亡、焦亡等细胞免疫反应.近年来Nlrp3炎症小体被认为极有可能是慢性疾病的中心致病环节,而心血管疾病又是慢性疾病中最为主要的疾病类型.因此,在研究心血管疾病的过程中,对Nlrp3炎症小体的研究就显得尤为关键.本综述简要阐述了近年来Nlrp3炎症小体与心血管疾病之间的研究进展.

Inflammasomes are multiprotein oligomer that play an important role in cleavage and activation of a variety of inflammatory factors,such as IL-ip,IL-18,HMGB1.Recently,the Nlrp3(nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin domain containing3)inflammasome plays a critical role in the development of vascular disease.It has been known that the Nlrp3inflammasome usually consists of three main components including Nlrp3,ASC and pro-caspase-1.In addition,Nlrp3inflarmnasome could activate a series of inflammatory pathways by the classic or non-classic pathway,such as induction of apoptosis,pyroptosis,and plasma membrane permeability damage and cell dysfunction.Therefore,the research of Nlrp3inflammasome is particularly critical in the study of cardiovascular disease.The association between the activation of Nlrp3inflammasome and the mechanism of cardiovascular disease is briefly described in this review.