潜艇鱼雷管逃生训练各阶段心理压力研究

Psychological Stress of Trainees Escaping from the Torpedo Tube in Different Stages

目的对潜艇鱼雷管逃生训练中各阶段参训官兵心理压力程度进行评估,为有针对性做好该项训练中的心理调适工作提供科学依据。方法采用自编鱼雷管逃生训练心理压力量表和开放式问卷,根据鱼雷管逃生训练具体实施阶段分为11个阶段进行评估。结果鱼雷管逃生训练各阶段中,压力程度从大到小依次为:开始注水(2.38),关闭后盖(2.10),进鱼雷管(2.07),管内注气(2.03);在2分以下的阶段依次为:海水流入(1.90),等待进管(1.76),打开前盖和爬行出管(1.59),出水上浮(1.48),检查准备(1.28),穿着准备(1.17)。结论应对鱼雷管逃生训练的参训者进行基本的心理选拔,对训练重大压力阶段循序渐进行环境适应,系统脱敏,并在训练前后进行针对性的心理教育与疏导。

Objective To investigate the psychological stress of trainees in different stages of escape through the torpedo tube.Methods Thirty trainees were questioned by a self-designed scale and an open questionnaire to have their psychological stress evaluated in eleven stages of escape out of the torpedo tube.Results The highest level of stress was observed during water injection(238),followed by rear cover closure(210),entrance into the tube(207)and air infusion(203).The stages in which the score was below2included seawater inflow(190),waiting for entrance into the tube(176),front cover opening and crawl from the exit tube(159),floating(148),readiness check(128),putting on outfits(117).Conclusion Psychological evaluation should be used for selection of trainees escaping through the torpedo tube,and trainees should adjust themselves and receive systematic desensitization in high stress states.Specific psychological counseling should be made available before training.