贵州省生态系统水源涵养价值估算

Estimation of Water Conservation Value of Ecosystem in Guizhou Province

探明贵州省生态系统的健康状况,为贵州省资源开发利用、水土保持及生态环境保护工作提供借鉴,以贵州省2014年不同季节HJ星和ETM+影像数据为基础,综合考虑贵州省生态系统类型、植被指数、植被覆盖度、发育度指数、径流系数、降水量等水源涵养影响因素,运用ARC GIS 10.1空间分析工具建立水源涵养量核算模型,进而对贵州省水源涵养价值进行核算。结果表明:贵州省水源涵养价值量分布状况与其生态系统类型的分布密切相关。全省水源涵养价值总量为442.20亿元,其中,森林生态系统占主导的黔东南地区的水源涵养价值最高,达97.32亿元,占整个贵州省的22.01%;其次为遵义市和黔南州,其水源涵养价值分别为70.86亿元和70.83亿元,均占贵州省水源涵养总价值的16.02%;以居住地、工业用地为主的贵阳市和以旱地生态系统为主的六盘水市的水源涵养总价值相对较低,分别为17.57亿元和19.20亿元,分别占整个贵州省的3.97%和4.34%。

The accounting model of water conservation quantity is established by ARC GIS 10.1 spatial analysis tools considering influencing factors of ecosystem type,vegetation index,vegetation coverage,development index,runoff coefficient and precipitation to water conservation based on HJ star and ETM+image data of Guizhou province in different seasons in 2014 and the water conservation value in Guizhou is calculated by the accounting model to explore the health status of ecosystem and provide a reference for resources development and utilization,water and soil conservation,and ecological environmental protection in Guizhou.Results:The distribution status of water conservation value is closely related to distribution of the ecosystem types in Guizhou.Total water conservation value is 44.220 billion yuan in Guizhou.The water conservation value of Qiandongnan Prefecture with a dominant forest ecosystem reaches 9.732 billion Yuan and accounts for 22.01% of Guizhou Province.The water conservation value of Zunyi City and Qiannan Prefecture is up to 7.086 and 7.083 billion Yuan and accounts for 16.02% of Guizhou Province respectively.The water conservation value of Guiyang City with a dominant residence and industrial land and Liupanshui City with a dominant dry-land ecosystem is 1.757 and 1.920 billion Yuan and accounts for 3.97% and 4.34% of Guizhou Province separately.