矿业型小流域植被变化的影响因素

Analysis of Factors Influencing Vegetation Change in Mining Small Watershed

为维护矿区生态持续发展,以山西省东南部的晋城长河流域煤矿区为研究对象,通过遥感技术、空间相关分析等方法,研究表征矿区生态环境质量的植被覆盖度的时空变化特征,分析植被覆盖度与降雨量、温度、坡度、坡向及采煤过程的空间相关性。结果表明:1)2001—2016年研究区的平均植被覆盖度为0.49,植被覆盖度总体呈增加趋势;2)在降雨量相对丰沛的长河流域,不同的气象因子对植被覆盖度影响及其空间变异贡献不同,植被覆盖度与年均温度存在显著相关性,相关系数为0.084;3)长河流域内植被覆盖度受坡度影响显著,坡度越大,植被覆盖度越大,相关系数为0.40。

The spatial and temporal variation characteristics of vegetation coverage for eco environmental quality in mining area of Chang River watershed,Jincheng and the spatial correlations between vegetation coverage and precipitation,temperature,slope,slope aspect and coal exploitation quantity are analyzed by remote sensing technique and spatial correlation analysis to maintain sustainable development of ecology in mining area.Results:1)The average vegetation coverage of the research area is0.49during2001~2016and the vegetation coverage has an increasing trend overall.2)Different meteorological factors have different effect and contribution on vegetation coverage and spatial variation in Chang River watershed with relative plentiful precipitation.The vegetation coverage is significantly related to annual average temperature and its correlation coefficient reaches0.084.3)The vegetation coverage is significantly influenced by slope in Chang River watershed.The vegetation coverage increases with increase of slope and the correlation coefficient is up to0.40.