阿哈尔捷金马对长途运输的应激反应研究

Stress Response of Akhal-teke Horses after Long Distance Transportation

为了解阿哈尔捷金马经长途运输后血液生理生化反应的情况,试验选用23匹阿哈尔捷金马(公马14匹、母马9匹,年龄2~6岁),从俄罗斯出发经长途公路运输5d到达新疆阿拉山口,在到达目的地后第7和35天,分别进行颈静脉采血,测定生理生化指标及应激相关激素水平,同时采用异地对照法与未经运输的15匹本地阿哈尔捷金马(公马10匹、母马5匹,年龄6~10岁)进行比较研究。结果发现:与本地阿哈尔捷金马相比,经长途运输后第7、35天的阿哈尔捷金马血液中性粒细胞(Gran)数量及占比、红细胞压积(HCT)、血小板(PLT)数量、碱性磷酸酶(ALKP)活性均有提高(P<0.05;P<0.01),而中间细胞(Mid)数量和百分比、血糖(GLU)水平显著或极显著降低(P<0.05;P<0.01);运输后第35天,平均红细胞体积(MCV)、磷(PHOS)、总蛋白(TP)含量均有所提高(P<0.01;P<0.01),淋巴细胞(LY)百分比则显著降低(P<0.05);运输后第7天抗利尿激素(ADH)、生长激素(GH)、尿素氮(UREA)及胰岛素(INS)含量均有下降(P<0.05;P<0.01),总胆红素(TBIL)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)水平均显著提高(P<0.05),但这些激素水平在运输后第35天均与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。综合以上结果,阿哈尔捷金马经长途运输后,出现了相应的一过性应激反应特征,经过一定的调整期(35d)后大部分指标和未经长途运输马趋于一致,在此期间尚不能立即进入正常使用状态,以免导致长期不可逆性病变。

In order to understand the blood physiological and biochemical reactions after long distance transport,23Akhal teke horses(male horse14,mare9,aged2to6years old),were selected and transported from Russian to Alashankou of Xinjiang(5d road transport).7and35d after reaching the destination,the jugular vein blood were collected for the determination of physiological and biochemical indicators and stress related hormone levels.The remote control horses without transport(15local Akhal teke horses,male horse10,mare5,aged6to10years old)were used for comparative study.The results showed that on the7th and35th day after transport,the number and proportion of granulocytes(Gran),hematocrit(HCT),blood platelet(PLT)and alkaline phosphatase(ALKP)were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of the local Akhal teke horses(P<0.05;P<0.01),while the number and percentage of intermediate cells(Mid)and the level of blood glucose(GLU)were significantly or extremely significantly decreased(P<0.05;P<0.01);On the35th day after transport,the mean red blood cell volume(MCV),phosphorus(PHOS)and total protein(TP)were significantly or extremely signifcantly increased(P<0.05;P<0.01),and the percentage of lymphocytes(LY)was significantly decreased(P<0.05);On the7th day after transport,the levels of antidiuretic hormone(ADH),growth hormone(GH),UREA and insulin(INS)were significantly or extremely signifcantly decreased(P<0.05;P<0.01),and the total bilirubin(TBIL)and triiodothyronine(T3)were signigicantly increased(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05)on the35th day after transport.Based on the above results,after the long distance transport,there had a corresponding transient stress response in Akhal teke horses,which required some adjustment after the recovery period(35d)to let most of the indicators were consistent with those without long distance transport.So the horses could not be used until they were in a normal state,in order to avoid long term irreversible lesions.