梁启超“新民论”思想的历史生成与文化内涵

The Historical Background and Cultural Meaning of Liang Qichao's Thought of "New Citizen"

梁启超的"新民论"思想具有丰富的政治、历史和文化蕴涵。它形成于甲午战败后中国社会出现的全面政治危机。在那个新旧交替的"过渡时代","自新新民"是梁启超等先觉知识分子在痛定思痛的文化自省之后确立的救国之路。梁启超早期的"新民论"思想受到严复"鼓民力、开民智、新民德"主张的直接启发,是对后者的继承与深化,它具体体现于政治革新与思想启蒙的各个环节,成为近代史上一股具感召力和影响力的时代思潮。

Liang Qichao's thought of"new citizen"contains political,historical and cultural connotations.It was formed after the Sino-Japanese War when the Chinese society was facing a comprehensive political crisis.In the"transitional era",self-enlightenment and enlightening the people were the only way to save the nation considered by Liang Qichao and other intellectuals after painful introspection.Liang's thought of"new citizen"was directly inspired by Yan Fu's theory of"strenthening the people's constitution,enlightening their wisdom and bringing forth their new morality",which embodied all the aspects of political innovation and ideological enlightenment.The thought of"new citizen"became an ideological trend of inspiration and influence in modern Chinese history.