岩溶动力系统与全球变化研究进展

The progress in the study of the karst dynamic system and global changes in the past 30 years

碳酸盐岩是岩溶发育的物质基础,它记录着地球历史时期的环境变化,是地球最大的碳库,对地球大气和生命演变起到重要作用;现代全球岩溶分布面积2200万km^2,占陆地面积的15%,岩溶动力系统是地球表层系统的重要组成部分,全球25%的人口依赖岩溶地下水资源的供给,岩溶生态系统的脆弱性制约着区域经济社会发展;本文主要针对近30年以来,岩溶学科发展进行综述,包括岩溶动力学概念、内涵与发展,驱动岩溶发育的地质-生态机制,岩溶动力系统与碳循环新进展,岩溶动力系统与水循环新进展,岩溶动力系统与钙循环新进展;岩溶动力系统与全球环境变化研究发展展望(岩溶关键带下的资源环境效应及国际大科学计划的启动)。

Carbonate rock is the material basis of karst development.It recorded some environmental changes,stored most carbon and played an important role in the primitive atmosphere and life evolution during the earth evolution.Karst covers22×106km2of the whole world,possessing^15%of the continent surface.The effects of the karst process on climate and environmental changes are considerable,and hence the karst dynamic system(KDS)is an important component of the Earth’s Surface System.In this paper,the authors made a review on the progress of the karst science in the past30years,which includes the conception,intention and development of the karst dynamics,geological and ecological mechanisms of driving the KDS,and some new results and findings in the fields of KDS and carbon cycle,water cycle and calcium cycle.Finally,the karst critical zone and global karst was introduced.