长江流域生态补偿的认知程度及偿付意愿调查

Survey on Eco-compensation of Cognition and WTP & WTA of Yangtze River Basin

以武汉高校教师为调查对象,调查受访者对长江流域生态补偿的认知情况和偿付意愿。调查发现受访者虽然关注环境问题和居住地环境的改变,但在日常生活中并不注重环保行为,对环境法规和流域生态补偿政策也不了解,环境观念并不一定能转化为人的日常活动的环保准则。运用条件估值法(CVM)对长江流域生态补偿的支付意愿和受偿意愿进行分析,并采用Spike模型计算受访者对长江流域环境改变的WTP和WTA的期望值。未来流域生态补偿的资金来源可以采取居民支付和政府设置专项资金相结合的手段。从偿付方式来看,对于支付者可以提供多种支付方式的选择,对于受偿者尽量采取现金补偿的方式。调查显示,人的环保行为并不完全受环境观念的影响,因此,政府应当细化环境行为的约束规则,普及环境政策和环境法规,从制度层面强化对日常环保行为的约束。

Based on the study of teachers in Wuhan’s universities,it investigates the cognitive situation and WTP&WTA for eco-compensation in Yangtze River basin.It is found that the respondents focus on environmental issues and the change of living environment,but does not pay attention to environmental protection in daily life behavior,and don’t know the environmental laws and regulations,and River basin eco-compensation policies.It is not necessarily for the respondents to transform environmental concept to their daily activities.Using contingent valuation method(CVM)to analysis WTP&WTA for the Yangtze River basin eco-compensation,and calculating WTP and WTA of the Yangtze River basin by using Spike model.The source of the eco-compensation for future watershed can be used to combine the residents’payment and the government’s special funds.In terms of reimbursement,it can provide a variety of payment options,and the cash compensation as far as possible.Survey shows that people’s environmental behavior is not affected by environmental concept.Therefore,the government should refine environment behavior constraint rules,popularize environmental policy,and strengthen the daily environmental protection behavior constraints from the system level.