第三方治理:流域水环境合作共治的制度创新

The Third-party Governance:Institutional Innovation in Watershed Environmental Management

近年来,我国开始大力推行流域水环境污染第三方治理,通过环境服务外包,推动流域治理走向市场化、专业化和社会化,提供更多优质生态产品以满足人民日益增长的优美生态环境需要。作为一种独特的合作治理类型,第三方治理以两个或多个实体之间的正式契约关系为基础,推动了政府治理方式从强制型权威走向诱导型权威、从指令性管理走向契约式合作。第三方治理的核心是解决政府与私人部门(第三方)之间契约履行、监督及激励、惩罚成本问题,并利用有效的治理制度安排促进政府与第三方进行合作治理,创造公共价值,同时最大限度地降低治理成本。

To develop environmentally friendly and green industries,China's government has promoted the third party governance and encouraged nongovernmental investment in environmental protection infrastructure construction. In the context of comprehensive reform,third party governance can improve public service through Outsourcing Vendors,and develop new methods of environmental governance and pollution control. The third party governance as the mechanism of incomplete contract is constrained in public governance. The core issue of third party governance is how to resolve the implementation and supervision of commitment and contract. This paper extends the study of theory and model of third party governance,governance dilemmas and institutional design.