爱德华·阿尔比家庭戏剧中女性人物的存在主义解读

An Existential Interpretation of Women Characters in Edward Albee's Family Plays

20世纪中叶,宣扬"世界荒谬、人生痛苦"信条的存在主义哲学流派作为一种典型的非理性主义思潮流行于西方世界。作为美国荒诞派戏剧的执牛耳者,爱德华·阿尔比(Edward Albee)以其独特的书写方式、创作技巧及艺术贡献而闻名于世界剧坛。荒诞派戏剧的滥觞及短期内的蔚然大观就是对存在主义哲学内核的最好诠释,因其二者在根本的主题思想层面上是珠联璧合的。因此,本文仅从存在主义视角出发,结合作家生平经历及时代背景剖析剧中数位女性人物,旨在揭示阿尔比书写的最高夙求——即以辛辣尖锐、幽默讽刺的笔触号召人们抛弃幻想、不去盲目迎合虚假的社会价值观念、脚踏实地清醒过活,体现阿尔比这位"严肃剧作家"对人类命运与前途之终极关怀。

As an irrational ideological trend,existentialism is widely prevalent in the mid-20th century,advocating the absurdity of world and the bitterness of life.Edward Albee,as the most renowned representative of The Theatre of the Absurd in America,enjoys tremendous popularity in the world for his spectacular writing and devotion.The birth and rise of The Theatre of the Absurd is the best demonstration of the existential scheme these two elements have some overlapping areas in terms of philosophical cores.Therefore,this paper,on the foundation of text analysis and era background research,tries to dissect the women transmutation and its cultural connotation so as to expose the highest wish in Albee’s writing,which is to call on people to forsake their illusions and live consciously instead of conforming blindly to the false social values,reflecting Albee’s ultimate concern for human and life.