浅析埃及自由主义时代民众政治的宗教化倾向

Analysis of the Religious Tendency of People Politics in Egyptian Liberal Era

埃及自由主义时代,宪政制度的初步实践创造了宽松自由的政治环境,议会政治成为社会上层政治参与的基本途径,而街头政治则成为下层民众表达政治意愿实现政治参与的基本途径。民众政治的宗教化倾向构成来自下层民众在议会框架外表达的政治诉求的重要形式,反抗世俗化改革的上层精英统治、传统教界的衰落和现代伊斯兰主义的传播发展,成为民众政治宗教化的现实根源,而以穆斯林兄弟会和青年埃及党为代表的宗教政治组织的蓬勃发展,则是民众政治宗教化倾向的主要表现,作为民众表达不满的重要途径和方式,民众政治的宗教化倾向无疑包含了宪政体制下专制与民主的激烈抗争、阶级对抗以及宗教政治与世俗政治矛盾对抗的历史内涵。

The practice of constitutional system created a liberal political environment in Egypt liberal age.Parliament politics became the basic way of the upper classes political participation and the street politics became important paths of the lower classes expression their political will.The realistic reasons of religious tendency of popular politics were against the secular reform of elite rule,the decline of traditional religious circles and the development of modern Islamism.The main manifestation of the religious tendency of the people,s politics was the Muslim Brotherhood and the young Egyptian party.The religious tendency of mass politics undoubtedly contains the fierce struggle of autocracy and democracy system?the class antagonism?and the historical connotation of the antagonism between religious politics and secular politics.