宗族文化对整饬型宗族聚落形态的影响——以海南澄迈县石■村为例

Influence of Clan Culture on the Settlement Patterns of Tidied Clan Settlement in Hainan Province: a Case Study of Shique Village

整饬型宗族聚落是单姓宗族聚落中的一种类型,受宗族文化影响颇深。选取海南石■村为例,探析宗族文化在微观建筑、中观房派、宏观聚落三层面上对海南整饬型聚落形态的影响,并将海南整饬型传统聚落与岭南地域层面的同类型聚落形态进行比较,得出海南整饬型传统聚落形态的特征主要表现为:受宗族文化的影响,聚落布局具有明显的秩序性,但由于自然地理因素的制约,宗族文化弱化,房派观念减弱,祠堂的中心组织性被削弱,祠堂规模、型制要求不严格,聚落布局也常以自然要素为核心。

Tidied clan settlement that influenced by clan culture is a type of single surname with lineage village.Taking the selectio of Shique village of Hainan province as an example,this paper explores and analyzes the influence of clan culture on settlement from three levels:micro construction,meso“Fangpai”(branch of family)and macro village.Comparing the spatial morphology between Hainan and Lingnan area in tidied traditional settlement,this article summarizes the characteristics of traditional settlements of Hainan.Influenced by the culture of patriarchal clan,the layout of settlement has obvious order.However,due to the constraints of natural geography and the weakening of clan culture and the conception of Fangpai,the central organizing ability has been weakened.Thus,the requirements for scale and the types of ancestral hall are not strict,and the layout of settlement is also centered on natural elements.