绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对稻草青贮及稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮品质的影响

Effects of Fermented Green Juice and Cellulase on the Fermentation Quality of Rice Straw Silage and Rice Straw with Sugarcane Tip Mixed Silage

本研究以稻草和甘蔗梢为青贮原料,调制稻草青贮及稻草与甘蔗梢混合青贮(混合比例为6∶4(m/m))。在稻草青贮及稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮中均设计添加2 mL/kg的绿汁发酵液组(FGJ)、3 mL/kg的纤维素酶组(CEL)、2mL/kg绿汁发酵液+3mL/kg纤维素酶的复合组(MIX)和对照组(CON),每个处理重复3次,室温条件下贮存60d后开封,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。结果显示,青贮原料稻草干物质中的可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)和粗蛋白质(CP)含量均低于甘蔗梢,而中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量均高于甘蔗梢。稻草单独青贮后,与CON组相比,FGJ组的NDF、ADF、pH和氨态氮均极显著降低(P<0.01),WSC极显著增加(P<0.01),干物质回收率(DMR)升高;MIX组的NDF、ADF、pH、气体损失率(GLR)和氨态氮均极显著降低(P<0.01),乳酸、WSC及DMR升高;CEL组中除ADF显著降低外,其他指标也有不同程度的改善。与稻草青贮相比,稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮的pH、氨态氮、NDF和半纤维素(HC)均降低,而DMR和WSC均明显升高。综上所述,绿汁发酵液及其与纤维素酶的复合添加剂对改善稻草青贮及稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮品质的效果相近,且优于纤维素酶;稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮的品质优于稻草青贮。

Rice straw and sugarcane tip were used as the silage materials in this research,and there were two groups:Rice straw silage and mixed silage of rice straw and sugarcane tip with the mixed ratio6∶4(m/m).Four treatment groups were set up in each silage:Control group(CON)and three treatment groups which added2mL/kg fermented green juice(FGJ),3mL/kg cellulase(CEL)and2mL/kg FGJ+3mL/kg CEL(MIX),and treatment was repeated3times.The materials were ensiled at room temperature for60days,and the fermentation quality and chemical compositions were tested.The result showed that for the two kinds of raw silage materials,the contents of WSC and CP in rice straw were lower than those in sugarcane tip,while the contents of NDF and ADF in rice straw were higher than those of sugarcane tip.Compared with the CON group,the NDF,ADF,pH and NH3-N in FGJ group were extremely significantly decreased when rice straw was silaged alone(P<0.01),while WSC was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),and DMR was increased.The NDF,ADF,pH,GLR and NH3-N in MIX group were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01),while lactic acid,WSC and DMR were increased.In CEL group,the ADF was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and other indicators also had improved in different degrees.Compared with rice straw silage,the NDF,HC,pH and NH3-N of mixed silage were lower,while DMR and WSC were obviously increased.In conclusion,the fermented green juice and it compound with cellulase had the similar effects on improving the fermentation quality,and the effects were both better than that of cellulase.The fermentation quality of rice straw with sugarcane tip mixed silage was better than rice straw silage.