不同施肥处理对金槐槐米产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Yield and Quality of Flos Sophorae Immaturus

【目的】研究基肥和追肥对金槐槐米产量和品质的影响,以期为金槐产业化种植中的合理施肥提供科学依据。【方法】采用随机组合设计方法,在大田种植的条件下进行不同种类的基肥试验(鸭粪、牛粪、鸭粪+复合肥、鸭粪+钾肥、鸭粪+磷肥、鸭粪+复合肥+磷肥+钾肥),不同种类的追肥(鸭粪、牛粪、复合肥、磷肥、钾肥)试验,追肥量(鸭粪和牛粪各5kg/株;复合肥、磷肥和钾肥各1.5kg/株及三者混合各0.5kg/株)和追肥次数(1次、2次)对金槐产量和品质的影响。【结果】基肥以鸭粪+钾肥混合处理,施用量为每株15kg+1.5kg;追肥以施用钾肥1.5kg/株,追肥1次,槐米的产量和品质最高。【结论】在6种基肥试验中,鸭粪+钾肥的混合处理最优,鸭粪+复合肥+磷肥+钾肥混合处理最差;追肥以钾肥处理的产量最好,磷肥处理的效果较差。

【Objective】In order to improve the yield and quality of flos sophorae immaturus,the effects of basal fertilizer and additional fertilizer on the yield and quality of flos sophorae immaturus were studied to provide a scientific evidence for the rational fertilization in flos sophorae immaturus industrialization.【Methods】Under field planting conditions,a field randomized block experiment was conducted to analyze effects of different basal fertilizer(duck manure,cow manure,duck manure+compound fertilizer,duck manure+phosphate fertilizer,duck manure+potassium fertilizer,duck manure+compound+phosphate+potassium),different additional fertilizer(duck manure,cow dung,compound fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer,potassium fertilizer),different volume and times of fertilizer(once,twice times)on yield and quality of flos sophorae immaturus.【Results】The yield and quality of flos sophorae immaturus were the highest by basal fertilizer mixed with duck manure fertilizer,fertilizing amount was15kg/plant+1.5kg/plant,additional fertilizer was potassium fertilizer once,15kg/plant.【Conclusion】Among the6types of basal fertilizer experiment duck manure mixed with potassium fertilizer is optimal,duck manure+compound+phosphate+potassium fertilizer mixed treatment is the worst.The best additional fertilizer is potassium fertilizer,phosphate treatment effect is less effective.