论渝东南文化生态区建设背景下的非物质文化遗产传承模式

On the Inheritance Mode of Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Context of the Construction of the Cultural Ecological Zone in the Southeast of Chongqing

传承是非物质文化遗产发展、延续和流传后世的关键,传承性亦是非物质文化遗产的重要特征之一。重庆市国家级文化生态保护试验区——武陵山区(渝东南)土家族苗族文化生态区是以保护非物质文化遗产为核心、对渝东南地区土家族苗族文化生态予以整体性保护的文化生态区。在建设渝东南文化生态区初期,重庆市政府实施了一系列保护措施,丰富了非物质文化遗产的传承模式,在传统传承模式"家族传承模式"和"师徒传承模式"下又衍生出"群体性传承""教育性传承""生产线传承"三种传承模式。本文通过调查渝东南地区非物质文化遗产传承模式的现状,对五种传承模式下非物质文化遗产的可持续性传承和在生产线模式传承下的非物质文化遗产市场潜力做了深入分析,总结出在渝东南文化生态区建设背景下非物质文化遗产传承多采用混合、多元传承模式的新思路。

Inheritance is the key point of the development of intangible cultural heritage,continuation and spread of future generations,and the inheritance is one of the important characteristics of intangible cultural heritage.As the only national cultural and ecological protection test area in Chongqing,the cultural ecological zone in Southeast Chongqing is the core of the protection of intangible cultural heritage and the construction process of the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.In the early stage of the construction of ecological culture in Southeast Chongqing area,a series of intangible cultural heritage protection measures and methods were implemented,thus the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage was increased,and three kinds of mode of inheritance were derived from the tradition of“family inheritance mode”and“apprenticeship mode”,and they were“mass inheritance”“education inheritance”and“production line inheritance”.In the paper a survey was made on the status of the intangible cultural heritage inheritance mode in southeast area of Chongqing,and the sustainability of five kinds of mode of inheritance and the intangible cultural heritage market in the production line mode under the potential inheritance were analyzed,and it can be summarized that the new ideas of the mixed and multiple inheritance patterns of the intangible cultural heritage should be adopted in the context of the construction of the cultural and ecological areas in Southeast Chongqing.