王阳明良知宇宙观与老子道之宇宙观的比较

A Comparison of Wang Yang-ming's Cosmological Conscience with Lao Tzu's Taoist Cosmology

阳明思想在宇宙论、认识论、善恶论等方面都接近道家。在宇宙论方面,阳明之良知与老子之道都是万物本源;阳明良知之"未发""已发"与老子道之"无""有"相近;阳明强调理之优先性,老子则强调道之优先性;在阳明良知宇宙和老子道之宇宙中,人都居于核心地位。阳明和老子皆认为人是具有先天之知和能的。在善恶观上,他们都反对固定的、抽象的、人为的善恶观,赞同自然本然之至善,只是阳明更精微。

Yang-ming’s thought in the cosmology,epistemology,the theory of good and evil is close to the Taoism.In cosmology,Yang-ming’s Conscience and Lao Tzu's Taoism are both the origin of all things;The Not Yet Happen and Happened of Yang-ming’s Conscience are similar to Nothing and Exist of Lao Tzu’s Taoism.Yang-ming emphasized the priority of the Li,Lao Tzu emphasized the priority of the Tao;In the Yang-ming’s Conscience Cosmology and Lao Tzu’s Taosim Cosmology,People are the core status.About the knowledge and ability people have,Yang-ming and Lao Tzu all thought people were born with knowledge and ability.About The theory of good and evil,They were all against the theory of good and evil which is fixed,abstract,artificial and agreed with natural good,but Yang-ming’s was more subtle.