上海市长宁区儿童跌倒流行病学特征分析

The Incidence and Epidemiological Characteristics of Falls among Children in Changning District, Shanghai

目的了解上海市长宁区儿童跌倒发生的流行病学特征和影响因素，为开展相应干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法选择居住在上海市长宁区的0~18岁儿童1681人，应用自行设计的调查表对过去一年的跌倒发生情况进行调查。结果0~18岁儿童跌倒发生率为6.5%(110例)，占儿童全部伤害的82.7%。跌倒率性别间无差异(χ2=0.347,P>0.05)有随年龄增高而下降的趋势(χ2=25.994,P=0.000)。不同年龄段跌倒发生地点、受伤时活动、受伤部位和性质均有显著差异。所有病例均为轻伤，治疗后完全康复。仅14.6%需要紧急处理或治疗，平均治疗费用(31.7±19.7)元。结论在不同儿童群体中开展跌倒防治，应根据流行病学特征不同而采取相应的针对性措施。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of falls among children aged0~18in Changning district,Shanghai.Methods A total of1681children were recruited by multi-stage random sampling and surveyed by finishing the home-designed questionnaire.Results The incidence of falls among children aged0~18was6.5%(110),accounts for82.7%of overall injuries.The incidences in boys and girls were comparable(χ2=0.347,P>0.05),but it decreased with age(χ2=25.994,P=0.000).There were significant differences in characteristics of falls such as falls location,activities when falls happened,the nature and injured parts of the body.All injuries were mild,only14.6%of injuries required emergency treatment or medical treatment in hospital and recovered completely,with an average medical cost of(31.7±19.7)yuan.Conclusion Prevention measures for different age groups should be devised according to the epidemiological characteristics of falls.