对空巢老年糖尿病患者实施回馈教学健康教育的效果观察

Effect of Feedback Teaching on Health Education for Empty Nesters with Diabetes

目的探讨回馈教学健康教育在空巢老年糖尿病患者中的应用效果。方法选取某三级甲等医院治疗的空巢老年糖尿病患者186例,按随机数字表法分为观察组94例与对照组92例。对照组采用常规健康教育和出院指导,观察组在对照组基础上给予回馈教学干预。分别于干预前与干预3个月时评估患者自我管理能力和健康赋权状况,并记录血糖代谢指标。结果干预前2组老年糖尿病患者自我管理能力得分、健康赋权得分及血糖代谢指标值的比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预3个月时,观察组饮食自我管理、运动自我管理、遵医嘱用药、自我血糖监测、足部护理得分均高于对照组(P<0.01);干预3个月时观察组健康赋权总得分及各维度得分均高于对照组(P<0.01);干预3个月时观察组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖值低于对照组(P<0.01),糖化血红蛋白值优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对空巢老年糖尿病患者实施回馈教学健康教育,可提高其糖尿病自我管理能力,改善其健康赋权状况,有利于其血糖代谢指标的控制。

Objective To investigate the effect of feedback teaching on health education for empty nesters with diabetes.Methods Totally186cases of empty nesters with diabetes were selected through a convenient method in a third-level first-class hospital and were randomly divided into experiment group(n=94)and control group(n=92).The patients in control group received routine health education and discharge instruction,and those in experiment group feedback teaching intervention.The ability of self-management,health empowerment and blood glucose metabolism index were assessed before and3months after intervention respectively.Results The ability of self-management,health empowerment and blood glucose metabolism index in2groups before the intervention indicated no statistical significance(P>0.05).After3-month intervention,the score of diet management,self-medication,self-exercise management,self-monitoring of blood glucose and foot care in experiment group was higher than that in control group(P<0.01).The total score and the score of each dimension of health empowerment in experiment group were higher than those in control group(P<0.01).The value of fasting glucose and2h postprandial blood glucose in experiment group were lower than those in control group(P<0.01)and the improvement of HbAlc level was more obvious in experiment group than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Feedback teaching is an effective intervention method for empty nesters with diabetes for improving their self-management ability and health empowerment.