玉米种植密度与重心高度的关系及对倒伏的影响

Relationship between the Gravity Center and Planting Density and Its Influence to Maize Lodging Resistance

选用丹玉8479为试材,采用3种密度3次重复的试验设计,研究种植密度、株高、穗位、重心高度和穗位重心差对倒伏的影响。结果表明:随播种密度的增加,玉米株高、穗位高以及植株重心高度都随之增加,穗位高增幅大于植株重心高度增幅;穗位重心差数值从负值逐渐向正值转变,说明玉米处于对不良生长环境的本能反应,做出自我生长调节,尽可能降低自身发生倒伏的几率,穗位重心差数值越小植株抗倒伏能力越强。倒伏性相关分析结果表明:玉米倒伏与穗位高、重心高度以及播种密度呈极显著正相关,与株高呈显著正相关;株高与穗位高、重心高度呈极显著正相关,与密度呈显著正相关;穗位高与重心高度和密度呈极显著正相关;重心高度与密度呈极显著正相关。说明种植密度、株高、穗位高和重心高度都对植株倒伏产生一定影响,穗位重心差可以作为衡量倒伏的一项农艺指标。

Maize hybrids Danyu8479was chosen as the materials,and the test was designed for repeated three times by three densities.And the influence of planting density,plant height,ear height,gravity center height and difference between ear and center of gravity height on lodging was researched.The results showed that with the increase of planting density,the plant height,ear height and center of gravity height had a gradually increasing trend,ear height and center of gravity height increased significantly.The difference of ear and gravity center height changed from negative to positive,it proved that corn was reducing their lodging probability as much as possible in instinctive response to the adverse growing conditions,and showing self growth regulation,the smaller difference between ear and center of gravity height was the stronger plant lodging resistance was.The result of lodging resistance related analysis showed that planting density,ear height and center of gravity height were significant positive correlation with lodging,plant height was positively related with lodging.Plant height and ear height,center of gravity height were significant positive correlation,the center of gravity height and density was significantly positively related,ear and significant positive correlated to the center of gravity height and density,significant positive correlated to the center of gravity height and density.The research showed that plant height,ear position,center of gravity height and planting density had some certain influence on plant lodging,and the difference of ear and gravity center height could be used as a common measure of lodging agronomic index.