基于主题分类和组件技术的灌区生态环境动态评价

Dynamic evaluation mode for ecological environment in irrigation based on theme classify and component technology

针对传统灌区生态环境评价存在的指标固定和适应性较弱等不足,将信息化技术应用到评价中,提出基于主题服务的灌区生态环境动态评价模式。针对灌区生态环境问题确定评价主题,建立基于主题服务的灌区生态环境动态评价流程,构建评价指标库,对评价方法进行组件化。根据评价主题从灌区生态环境评价指标库中筛选合适的评价指标,通过对指标的优选建立针对特定评价主题的评价指标体系。基于综合集成平台绘制评价主题知识图,搭建灌区生态环境动态评价系统。根据灌区生态环境评价主题的特征和建立的评价指标体系,确定评价方法。从评价方法组件库中调用相应组件对不同主题下评价指标进行计算,实现对灌区生态环境的动态主题评价。以陕西省泾惠渠灌区为例开展实证研究,首先,根据灌区调研情况和管理部门的关注点,结合专家意见,确定4类评价主题,包括:生态环境影响要素主题、资源利用水平主题、工程保障能力主题和可持续性主题。基于综合集成平台开展动态评价,结果发现:2009年和2014年灌区生态环境介于等级"良"和"一般"之间,且2014年相对于2009年灌区生态环境状况有所下降;1997年至2014年灌区资源利用水平逐年提高,各评价指标逐年向良性发展;2014年灌区工程保障能力为"一般",且偏向"良好";2014年灌区可持续性评价结果等级为"良"。结果表明:基于主题服务模式能快速、多角度实现对灌区生态环境的动态评价,结果更为可信,相比传统评价方法更有优势。引入信息化手段,在综合集成平台上实现基于主题服务的灌区生态环境动态评价,研究结果对促进灌区生态环境健康发展和灌区生态文明建设具有重要意义。

To resolve the limitations of traditional method for evaluating ecological environment in the irrigation area,dynamic theme service model was proposed in this paper using information technology.The evaluation themes are identified according to the problems of irrigation area.The dynamical evaluation process of ecological environment in irrigation area based on theme service is established.To build the evaluation indices library and develop the evaluation method component,the appropriate evaluation index is selected from the ecological environment evaluation indices library in the irrigated area according to the evaluation theme.The evaluation index system for specific evaluation theme is established after the optimization of indices.The evaluation theme knowledge map is drawn based on the comprehensive integrated platform and the ecological environment dynamic evaluation system is established.The evaluation methods are determined according to the characteristics of the ecological environment evaluation theme and the evaluation indices system.The corresponding component is invoked from the evaluation method component library to calculate the evaluation indices for different themes,and realize dynamic theme evaluation for the ecologic environment in irrigation area.Taking the Jinghuiqu irrigation area in Shaanxi Province as the study case,4evaluation themes including the ecological environment influential factor theme,the resource utilization level theme,the engineering support capacity theme and the sustainability theme are determined based on the investigation situation and concerns of the management department in the irrigation area,and the opinions of the experts.The results showed that the ecological environment in irrigation district was between good and mediocre in2009and2014,and the ecological environment situation of irrigation district decreased in2014compared with that in2009;from1997to2014,the utilization level of irrigation resources increased year by year,and each evaluation index developed to a healthy grade year by year;the support capacity of irrigation district was mediocre in2014,and it tended to be good;the result of irrigation district sustainability evaluation was good in2014.As the results show:The service model can achieve dynamic evaluation of ecological environment of irrigation area quickly with multi-angle view,the evaluation result is more credible,so it has more advantages compared to the traditional evaluation method.Using the information technologies,the paper introduces a dynamic evaluation model for the ecological environment in the irrigation area based on the comprehensive integrated platform,and the results of the paper are of great importance for the healthy development of the ecological environment and ecological civilization construction in the irrigation area.