昆明市矿山地质环境影响评价

The Evaluation of Mine Geological Environmental Impact in Kunming City

矿山地质环境影响评价作为衡量矿业开发活动对地质环境影响大小的度量标准,对识别矿山地质环境影响分区和开展地质灾害防治以及生态环境恢复治理起着重要的作用。本文以昆明市作为研究区,在总结了矿产资源开发现状及地质环境特征的基础上,选取了自然地理、基础地质、矿山开发状况和矿山地质灾害4个要素层下的13个评价因子,厘定了矿山地质环境评价指标体系。运用层次分析法模型确定指标权重值,并对分级量化的分值和权重值进行加权叠加求和,得到昆明市矿山地质环境综合评价分值,采用自然断点法划分为影响严重区、较严重区、一般区和无影响区,并针对各分区内存在的主要问题提出了对策和建议,其评价结果可为昆明市矿产资源可持续开发利用和地质环境保护提供参考依据。

As a standard of measuring the influence of mining development activities on the geological environment,the evaluation of mine geological environmental impact plays an important role in the identification of the geological and environmental impact zoning,the prevention and control of geological disasters as well as the restoration and management of ecological environment.Taking Kunming as the research area,this paper has selected13evaluation factors under the four elements of physical geography,basic geology,mine development and mine geological hazard on the basis of its status quo of mineral resources development and the characteristics of geological environment.An evaluation index system of mine geological environment is set up.The principal component analysis method and the expert experience method are used to quantify the evaluation factors,and the weight value is determined by the analytic hierarchy process model.Summing the weighted sum of the scores and the weight values,the comprehensive evaluation of the mine geological environment in Kunming is obtained.by natural breakpoint method,it is divided into the most seriously impacted areas,more serious areas,general areas,and no impact area.In addition,the countermeasures and suggestions for the solution of the main problems existing in each district are proposed.The evaluation results obtained can provide a reference for the sustainable development and utilization of mineral resources,and geological environment protection in Kunming.