印度洋沉积物中火山灰应用研究进展

Progress of applied research of tephra in the Indian Ocean sediments

印度洋是我国"21世纪海上丝绸之路"的重要通道,更是亚洲季风两个子系统(印度季风和东亚季风)的主要策源地,在全球变化中扮演着重要角色。海洋沉积物中的火山灰作为一种地层研究工具,不仅记录了源区、搬运介质和搬运机制的相关信息,还能有效"等时"定年,其含量和成分对研究沉积作用和构造活动具有重要意义。文章对印度洋沉积物中的火山灰应用研究进展进行了综述,包括:1)火山灰定义及其在印度洋沉积物中"等时面"的应用;2)火山灰(火山玻璃)的测试分析方法及其在追踪物质来源、火山构造与岩浆作用、印度季风演化等方面的运用。今后我国在印度洋开展火山灰研究主要应该聚焦在两方面:1)表层沉积物中的火山灰及其应用;2)火山灰与高分辨率古环境记录。可以利用火山灰定年的"等时"性探讨气候变化的区域差异及驱动因素。

The Indian Ocean is the important channel of“Maritime Silk Road”in the21st century,and is the main origins of the two sub-systems(the Indian monsoon and the East Asian monsoon)of the Asian monsoon,which plays an important role in the global change.Tephra in marine sediments as a stratigraphic tool not only records the information of source area,transporting medium and mechanism,but also can effectively make isochronal dating.The content and composition of tephra has great significance to study sedimentary and tectonic activity.In this paper,we summarize progress of applied research of tephra in the Indian Ocean sediments,including:1)the definition of tephra and its isochronal dating in the Indian Ocean sediments;and2)the analysis method of tephra(volcanic glass)and the effect on trace material sources,volcanic structure and magmatism,the Indian monsoon evolution,etc.Our future work on tephra in the Indian Ocean mainly includes in two tasks:1)tephra and its application in surface sediments;and2)tephra and high-resolution paleoenvironment records.Finally,regional climate change and driving factors are discussed by means of tephra isochronal dating.