摘要
3D打印技术,特别是低熔点金属3D打印技术代表着未来先进制造技术的发展趋势之一,是推动我国制造业转型升级,实现由"制造业大国"向"制造业强国"转变的重要机遇。文章简述了当前3D打印特别是低熔点金属3D打印技术的研究现状,介绍了国际3D打印产业的发展现状,剖析了我国3D打印产业发展所面临的机遇和挑战。特别指出,现有通行的3D打印大多面向单目标种类材料,或者金属或者非金属,尚不易同时实现跨度较大的多种类材料的同时打印,这主要是因各种材料在物理化学特性如熔点、黏附性及彼此间相容性上存在的巨大差异所致,而新出现的低熔点金属3D打印方法将有助于改变这一格局。最后对液态金属3D打印技术的未来发展进行了总结和展望。
3D printing technology,especially for the low melting point alloy inks,represents the future development trend of advanced manufacturing technology.It is one of the most important opportunities to promote the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing sector and achieve its change from“world's factory”to“manufacturing power”.This article is dedicated to sketch the current research status of3D printing technology especially with low melting point alloys.In addition,it interprets the development of global3D printing industry.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis of3D printing industry facing China is elaborated,such as the current situation,opportunities and challenges.Particularly,the article pointed out that,the currently available3D printings are generally restricted to a single target,either metal or non-metal components,let alone device or biological organ with functions.Most of the typical3D printing still cannot simultaneously deal with the metal,nonmetal and biological inks together due to their huge difference in many important physical or chemical properties such as melting points,adhesion effect and compatible printability etc.between each other.Introduction of the newly emerging liquid metal3D printing will reshape the current category of the additive manufacture research and development.Finally,the summary and prospect of liquid metal3D printing technology is given.
作者
于永泽
刘静
Yu Yongze;Liu Jing(Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
